Python Programming Features
Python is an interpreted high-level general-purpose programming language with its notable use of significant indentation. It follows object-oriented approach.
Python 3.9.6 is the latest stable version of Python3 and Python 2 was discontinued with version 2.7.18 in 2020.
For more detailed documentation please check:
https://docs.python.org/3/
Salient Features which makes Python unique:
- Python uses whitespace indentation, rather than curly brackets or keywords, to delimit blocks.
- The assignment statement, using a single equals sign =.
- The if statement, which conditionally executes a block of code, along with else and elif (a contraction of else-if).
- The for statement, which iterates over an iterable object, capturing each element to a local variable for use by the attached block.
- The while statement, which executes a block of code as long as its condition is true.
- The try statement, which allows exceptions raised in its attached code block to be caught and handled by except clauses; it also ensures that clean-up code in a finally block will always be run regardless of how the block exits.
- The raise statement, used to raise a specified exception or re-raise a caught exception.
- The class statement, which executes a block of code and attaches its local namespace to a class, for use in object-oriented programming.
- The def statement, which defines a function or method.
- The with statement, which encloses a code block within a context manager (for example, acquiring a lock before the block of code is run and releasing the lock afterwards, or opening a file and then closing it), allowing resource-acquisition-is-initialization (RAII)-like behavior and replaces a common try/finally
- The break statement, exits from a loop.
- The continue statement, skips this iteration and continues with the next item.
- The del statement, removes a variable, which means the reference from the name to the value is deleted and trying to use that variable will cause an error. A deleted variable can be reassigned.
- The pass statement, which serves as a NOP. It is syntactically needed to create an empty code block.
- The assert statement, used during debugging to check for conditions that should apply.
- The yield statement, which returns a value from a generator function and yield is also an operator. This form is used to implement coroutines.
- The return statement, used to return a value from a function.
- The import statement, which is used to import modules whose functions or variables can be used in the current program.
- The assignment statement (=) operates by binding a name as a reference to a separate, dynamically-allocated object. Variables may be subsequently rebound at any time to any object.
- In Python, a variable name is a generic reference holder and doesn’t have a fixed data type associated with it. However at a given time, a variable will refer to some object, which will have a type. This is referred to as dynamic typing and is contrasted with statically-typed programming languages, where each variable may only contain values of a certain type.